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HOW BELARUSIANS ASSESS CONFLICT WITH RUSSIA

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YAROSLAV ROMANCHUK,
President of the Minsk-based Mizes Center, Belarus

Belarus’ attitude to a conflict depends on how the national mass media cover it. When the Russian-Belarusian relations have become worse, the Belarusian TV and newspapers play an important role, especially as because transmission of the Russian TV channels in Belarus is seriously cut down.

Belarus constantly criticizes the Russian government, some ministers and Russian tycoons through its national mass media. The conflicts between Belarus and Russia happened formerly too, those are the sugar, car and gas conflicts. The “milk conflict”, which has broken out recently, is not yet solved.

Till now, according to the public opinion polls, 90% of the Belarusians have considered Russia a friendly state. At present this figure can fall to 70%, this is the maximum, to which the national mass media criticism can lead.

The public opinion polls show that 49% of the Belarusians accuse President Aliaksandr Lukashenka and 48% accuse the Belarusian government of complicated socioeconomic situation in Belarus. Russia is accused of nothing.

Many opposition forces came to support Aliaksandr Lukashenka in conflict with Russia. They say that when criticizing the Russian ministers and oligarchs, the President demonstrates Belarus’ independent policy. The opposition is uncoordinated, it has no common view how to solve the domestic problems. It is unclear if the oppositionists are ready to take protectionist or isolationist positions.

At the same time, the internal problems, for example, lowering of the living standards, remain unsolved. The pensions and the state-paid workers’ salaries were not increased in spite of the Belarusian ruble devaluation. They will not be increased in 2009, therefore the living standards will come down. The government, while speaking about the GDP growth, does not recognize that Belarus faces the crisis, and does not correct the economic performance.

Given the current situation, the Belarusian authorities can blame the Russian ministers for their pursuing wrong policy. This will continue, at least, till the next presidential elections that will be held in a year and a half.

As regards the EU’s policy towards Belarus, there are many declarations here that are connected, in the main, with Belarus’ inclusion in the “Eastern Partnership” program. But even now a serious divergence exists. The EU expects that Aliaksandr Lukashenka will take reciprocal steps, that he will release political prisoners, make the mass media free and facilitate the registration of NGOs.

Minsk thinks that if Russia spurns Belarus, then Belarus will turn to Europe and it will be reasonable to raise the question of the price – how much will you pay for that? This makes the EU officials laugh. The EU is unwilling to support the Belarusian state-directed economy and demands to carry out structural reforms and privatization in the country.

So the EU would like to conduct long strategic talks with Belarus. The EU officials realize that Russia has strong positions in Belarus. The task is to reach at least the minimum level of relations that the EU maintains with Azerbaijan, Armenia and Kazakhstan.

It is of no importance who (Russia, the EU or the International Monetary Fund) can step up the reforms in Belarus. The bottom line is they must start.

June 23, 2009




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